Anemia is a condition in which the amount of red blood cells in the blood is less than normal. This causes the body to transport less oxygen than normal, resulting in abnormal symptoms such as tiredness and fatigue. This condition can be caused by many reasons, some of which are common in people and some of which may be caused by hidden diseases. The symptoms may be more or less different depending on the underlying disease. This includes the level of red blood cells in the body and the individual's ability to adapt to anemia. In people who have no symptoms at all, this condition may be discovered when they go for an annual blood test.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has established criteria for diagnosing anemia from: The amount of hemoglobin in the blood is as follows:
Less than 13 g/dL in men
Less than 12 g/dL in women
Less than 11 g/dL in pregnant women
Symptoms that may be seen in anemia
What causes anemia?
The causes of anemia It can occur for many reasons, which can be divided into the main causes as follows:
1) Less red blood cell production which has factors coming from
- Lack of nutrients necessary for the production of red blood cells, including deficiency of iron, vitamin B12, or folic acid, which may be found in pregnant women.
- Certain chronic disease conditions such as kidney failure, liver disease, and arthritis that may result in decreased red blood cell production.
- Bone marrow diseases such as bone marrow atrophy, bone marrow cancer , etc.
2) The destruction of more red blood cells than normal in the body. A disease that causes red blood cells to break down more easily than normal. Patients often have symptoms such as jaundice and yellowing of the eyes (jaundice).
- Thalassemia is a common genetic disease. They may have a variety of symptoms, ranging from no symptoms or rapidly becoming anemic when having a fever. Some people may have jaundice and enlarged spleen from a young age.
- Disease of red blood cells that easily break down due to destruction by one's own immune system. It is often found together with other immune system diseases. It is most common in women of reproductive age.
-Red blood cell deficiency due to lack of the enzyme G-6PD, which is a hereditary disease often found in men. In the normal state, there are no symptoms, but anemia occurs quickly in cases of infection or stimulation. Patients may have jaundice, coke-colored urine, and fatigue.
-Some infections such as malaria, clostidium, mycoplasma, etc.
3) Sudden blood loss, such as accidents, hemorrhage, postpartum blood loss, or chronic blood loss, such as menstrual blood loss in women of reproductive age, may be caused by bleeding from the digestive tract, such as from colon cancer, ulcers. in the stomach, etc.
Symptoms that may be seen in anemia
-Tired easily, fatigued
-Some people may say that you are pale.
-Yellow eyes, yellow body
-Difficulty breathing during exertion
-Dizziness
-Faint, lose consciousness
-Chest pain, heart palpitations
If symptoms are severe, they may cause a heart attack. In patients with chronic anemia The nails may be weak and flat or the nails may be raised and have a spoon-like depression in the middle.
What should I do to prevent anemia?
- Choose to eat foods rich in iron, vitamins, and nutrients, such as meat, pork liver, milk, eggs, pork blood, and grains, especially for pregnant women, infants, and teenagers.
- Take vitamin supplements with advice from an expert. In people who do not receive enough nutrients from their diet
- Drink enough water per day.
-Women who are pregnant should eat foods rich in folic acid and iron such as fish, lean red meat, eggs, nuts, and green leafy vegetables to prevent anemia. You may also take vitamin supplements, folic acid and iron to help maintain red blood cell levels within normal limits. You should always consult with a medical professional to recommend taking any vitamins or dietary supplements first.
Resources
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