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How to reduce pain during menstruation

 Dysmenorrhea is pain in the lower abdomen or pelvic area during menstruation. This usually occurs regularly according to the menstrual cycle. (Usually every 28 days, but some people come earlier or later.) Menstrual cramps are most common in women of menstruating age. Most will have little pain and will be able to work normally, but a small number may have severe pain and have to take time off from work.



The causes of menstrual cramps are divided into two main types:

Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain in which the doctor cannot detect any obvious pathology in the pelvic floor or lower abdomen. 

There will be no abnormalities of the uterus and ovaries. Currently, it is believed that this is caused by hormonal changes during menstruation. There will be an abnormal amount of prostaglandins secreted from the lining of the uterus. This substance is absorbed through the bloodstream and acts on the uterus. This causes the uterus to contract and cause pain in the lower abdomen.

Secondary dysmenorrhea is menstrual cramps that are accompanied by a doctor finding pathology in the pelvic floor. The nature of the pain is pain before menstrual blood comes and continues until the period stops or after the period stops. This type of secondary menstrual cramps is usually caused by abnormalities of the uterus or ovaries. Abnormalities found such as uterine tumor, Endometriosis, Pelvic adhesion, Intrauterine device birth control. 

Risk factors that cause menstrual cramps

 - Early menstruation or first menstruation when younger than 12 years of age

 - Not having children means that your ovaries have to work all the time and you have more menstrual cycles than people who have children. This will take a break from menstruation during pregnancy until after giving birth.

 - Menstruation is heavy and long.

- Inserting an IUD

- Smoking

- Obesity

- Sexually transmitted infections (having a sexually transmitted disease) 

- Uterine tumors

Taking care of yourself when you have menstrual cramps

- Apply a hot compress to help tense muscles relax. Try compressing the hot water bag for 3-5 minutes at a time and you will feel the pain improve. This method has been researched to reduce pain as well as taking painkillers. If you don't have a hot water bag, you can use a towel soaked in hot water instead.

- Playing sports such as jogging, swimming, walking helps to relax and relieve stress. Exercise regularly at least 3 times a week or do yoga. It will help reduce menstrual pain.

- Drinking 6-8 glasses of warm water/day reduces bloating and improves blood circulation.

- Ginger juice can help reduce menstrual pain.

Ginger helps reduce the secretion of prostaglandins, which are substances that cause the uterus to contract, causing menstrual cramps. Drinking just 1-2 glasses of ginger juice per day will help reduce menstrual pain.

- Avoid cigarettes and alcohol, which can increase your risk of menstrual cramps. Therefore, it should be avoided.

- Get enough rest to reduce stress on the body and brain. Get at least 6 hours of sleep per day.

- Dressing: You should wear loose clothing. Do not wear tight clothing because it will make you feel uncomfortable and cause more abdominal pain.

- Eating low fat foods and increasing your intake of foods that help fight inflammation such as cherries, blueberries, tomatoes, bell peppers can also help reduce pain.


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